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                    GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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--- a/pySX127x/README.md
+++ b/pySX127x/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
 # Overview
 This is a python interface to the [Semtech SX1276/7/8/9](http://www.semtech.com/wireless-rf/rf-transceivers/) 
 long range, low power transceiver family.
 The SX127x have both LoRa and FSK capabilities. Here the focus lies on the
 LoRa spread spectrum modulation hence only the LoRa modem interface is implemented so far 
 (but see the [roadmap](#roadmap) below for future plans).
 Spread spectrum modulation has a number of intriguing features:
 * High interference immunity
 * Up to 20dBm link budget advantage (for the SX1276/7/8/9)
 * High Doppler shift immunity
 More information about LoRa can be found on the [LoRa Alliance website](https://lora-alliance.org).
 Links to some LoRa performance reports can be found in the [references](#references) section below.
 # Motivation
 Transceiver modules are usually interfaced with microcontroller boards such as the 
 Arduino and there are already many fine C/C++ libraries for the SX127x family available on 
 [github](https://github.com/search?q=sx127x) and [mbed.org](https://developer.mbed.org/search/?q=sx127x).
 Although C/C++ is the de facto standard for development on microcontrollers, [python](https://www.python.org)
 running on a Raspberry Pi (NanoPi, BananaPi, UDOO Neo, BeagleBoard, etc. etc.) is becoming a viable alternative for rapid prototyping.
 High level programming languages like python require a full-blown OS such as Linux. (There are some exceptions like
 [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) and its fork [CircuitPython](https://www.adafruit.com/circuitpython).)
 But using hardware capable of running Linux contradicts, to some extent, the low power specification of the SX127x family.
 Therefore it is clear that this approach aims mostly at prototyping and technology testing.
 Prototyping on a full-blown OS using high level programming languages has several clear advantages:
 * Working prototypes can be built quickly 
 * Technology testing ist faster
 * Proof of concept is easier to achieve
 * The application development phase is reached quicker 
 # Hardware
 The transceiver module is a SX1276 based Modtronix [inAir9B](http://modtronix.com/inair9.html). 
 It is mounted on a prototyping board to a Raspberry Pi rev 2 model B.
 | Proto board pin | RaspPi GPIO | Direction |
 |:----------------|:-----------:|:---------:|
 | inAir9B DIO0    | GPIO 22     |    IN     |
 | inAir9B DIO1    | GPIO 23     |    IN     |
 | inAir9B DIO2    | GPIO 24     |    IN     |
 | inAir9B DIO3    | GPIO 25     |    IN     |
 | inAir9b Reset   | GPIO ?      |    OUT    |
 | LED             | GPIO 18     |    OUT    |
 | Switch          | GPIO 4      |    IN     |
 Todo:
 - [ ] Add picture(s)
 - [ ] Wire the SX127x reset to a GPIO?
 # Code Examples
 ### Overview
 First import the modules 
 ```python
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 ```
 then set up the board GPIOs
 ```python
 BOARD.setup()
 ```
 The LoRa object is instantiated and put into the standby mode
 ```python
 lora = LoRa()
 lora.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
 ```
 Registers are queried like so:
 ```python
 print lora.version()        # this prints the sx127x chip version
 print lora.get_freq()       # this prints the frequency setting 
 ```
 and setting registers is easy, too
 ```python
 lora.set_freq(433.0)       # Set the frequency to 433 MHz 
 ```
 In applications the `LoRa` class should be subclassed while overriding one or more of the callback functions that
 are invoked on successful RX or TX operations, for example.
 ```python
 class MyLoRa(LoRa):
  def __init__(self, verbose=False):
    super(MyLoRa, self).__init__(verbose)
    # setup registers etc.
  def on_rx_done(self):
    payload = self.read_payload(nocheck=True) 
    # etc.
 ```
 In the end the resources should be freed properly
 ```python
 BOARD.teardown()
 ```
 ### More details
 Most functions of `SX127x.Lora` are setter and getter functions. For example, the setter and getter for 
 the coding rate are demonstrated here
 ```python 
 print lora.get_coding_rate()                # print the current coding rate
 lora.set_coding_rate(CODING_RATE.CR4_6)     # set it to CR4_6
 ```
@todo
 # Installation
 Make sure SPI is activated on you RaspberryPi: [SPI](https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/spi/README.md)
 **pySX127x** requires these two python packages:
 * [RPi.GPIO](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/RPi.GPIO") for accessing the GPIOs, it should be already installed on
  a standard Raspian Linux image
 * [spidev](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/spidev) for controlling SPI
 In order to install spidev download the source code and run setup.py manually:
 ```bash
 wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/spidev/spidev-3.1.tar.gz
 tar xfvz  spidev-3.1.tar.gz
 cd spidev-3.1
 sudo python setup.py install
 ```
 At this point you may want to confirm that the unit tests pass. See the section [Tests](#tests) below.
 You can now run the scripts. For example dump the registers with `lora_util.py`: 
 ```bash
 rasp$ sudo ./lora_util.py
 SX127x LoRa registers:
 mode               SLEEP
 freq               434.000000 MHz
 coding_rate        CR4_5
 bw                 BW125
 spreading_factor   128 chips/symb
 implicit_hdr_mode  OFF
 ... and so on ....
 ```
 # Class Reference
 The interface to the SX127x LoRa modem is implemented in the class `SX127x.LoRa.LoRa`.
 The most important modem configuration parameters are:
 | Function         | Description                                 |
 |------------------|---------------------------------------------|
 | set_mode         | Change OpMode, use the constants.MODE class |
 | set_freq         | Set the frequency                           |
 | set_bw           | Set the bandwidth 7.8kHz ... 500kHz         |
 | set_coding_rate  | Set the coding rate 4/5, 4/6, 4/7, 4/8      |
 | | |
 | @todo            |                              |
 Most set_* functions have a mirror get_* function, but beware that the getter return types do not necessarily match 
 the setter input types.
 ### Register naming convention
 The register addresses are defined in class `SX127x.constants.REG` and we use a specific naming convention which 
 is best illustrated by a few examples:
 | Register | Modem | Semtech doc.      | pySX127x                   |
 |----------|-------|-------------------| ---------------------------|
 | 0x0E     | LoRa  | RegFifoTxBaseAddr | REG.LORA.FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR |
 | 0x0E     | FSK   | RegRssiCOnfig     | REG.FSK.RSSI_CONFIG        |
 | 0x1D     | LoRa  | RegModemConfig1   | REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_1    |
 | etc.     |       |                   |                            |
 ### Hardware
 Hardware related definition and initialisation are located in `SX127x.board_config.BOARD`.
 If you use a SBC other than the Raspberry Pi you'll have to adapt the BOARD class.
 # Script references
 ### Continuous receiver `rx_cont.py`
 The SX127x is put in RXCONT mode and continuously waits for transmissions. Upon a successful read the
 payload and the irq flags are printed to screen.
 ```
 usage: rx_cont.py [-h] [--ocp OCP] [--sf SF] [--freq FREQ] [--bw BW]
                  [--cr CODING_RATE] [--preamble PREAMBLE]
 Continous LoRa receiver
 optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --ocp OCP, -c OCP     Over current protection in mA (45 .. 240 mA)
  --sf SF, -s SF        Spreading factor (6...12). Default is 7.
  --freq FREQ, -f FREQ  Frequency
  --bw BW, -b BW        Bandwidth (one of BW7_8 BW10_4 BW15_6 BW20_8 BW31_25
                        BW41_7 BW62_5 BW125 BW250 BW500). Default is BW125.
  --cr CODING_RATE, -r CODING_RATE
                        Coding rate (one of CR4_5 CR4_6 CR4_7 CR4_8). Default
                        is CR4_5.
  --preamble PREAMBLE, -p PREAMBLE
                        Preamble length. Default is 8.
 ```
 ### Simple LoRa beacon `tx_beacon.py`
 A small payload is transmitted in regular intervals.
 ```
 usage: tx_beacon.py [-h] [--ocp OCP] [--sf SF] [--freq FREQ] [--bw BW]
                    [--cr CODING_RATE] [--preamble PREAMBLE] [--single]
                    [--wait WAIT]
 A simple LoRa beacon
 optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --ocp OCP, -c OCP     Over current protection in mA (45 .. 240 mA)
  --sf SF, -s SF        Spreading factor (6...12). Default is 7.
  --freq FREQ, -f FREQ  Frequency
  --bw BW, -b BW        Bandwidth (one of BW7_8 BW10_4 BW15_6 BW20_8 BW31_25
                        BW41_7 BW62_5 BW125 BW250 BW500). Default is BW125.
  --cr CODING_RATE, -r CODING_RATE
                        Coding rate (one of CR4_5 CR4_6 CR4_7 CR4_8). Default
                        is CR4_5.
  --preamble PREAMBLE, -p PREAMBLE
                        Preamble length. Default is 8.
  --single, -S          Single transmission
  --wait WAIT, -w WAIT  Waiting time between transmissions (default is 0s)
 ```
 # Tests
 Execute `test_lora.py` to run a few unit tests. 
 # Contributors
 Please feel free to comment, report issues, or contribute!
 Contact me via my company website [Mayer Analytics](http://mayeranalytics.com) and my private blog
 [mcmayer.net](http://mcmayer.net). 
 Follow me on twitter [@markuscmayer](https://twitter.com/markuscmayer) and
 [@mayeranalytics](https://twitter.com/mayeranalytics).
 # Roadmap
 95% of functions for the Sx127x LoRa capabilities are implemented. Functions will be added when necessary.
 The test coverage is rather low but we intend to change that soon.
 ### Semtech SX1272/3 vs. SX1276/7/8/9
 **pySX127x** is not entirely compatible with the 1272.
 The 1276 and 1272 chips are different and the interfaces not 100% identical. For example registers 0x26/27. 
 But the pySX127x library should get you pretty far if you use it with care. Here are the two datasheets:
 * [Semtech - SX1276/77/78/79 - 137 MHz to 1020 MHz Low Power Long Range Transceiver](http://www.semtech.com/images/datasheet/sx1276_77_78_79.pdf)
 * [Semtech SX1272/73 - 860 MHz to 1020 MHz Low Power Long Range Transceiver](http://www.semtech.com/images/datasheet/sx1272.pdf)
 ### HopeRF transceiver ICs ###
 HopeRF has a family of LoRa capable transceiver chips [RFM92/95/96/98](http://www.hoperf.com/)
 that have identical or almost identical SPI interface as the Semtech SX1276/7/8/9 family.
 ### Microchip transceiver IC ###
 Likewise Microchip has the chip [RN2483](http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/50002346A.pdf)
 The [pySX127x](https://github.com/mayeranalytics/pySX127x) project will therefore be renamed to pyLoRa at some point.
 # LoRaWAN
 LoRaWAN is a LPWAN (low power WAN) and, and  **pySX127x** has almost no relationship with LoRaWAN. Here we only deal with the interface into the chip(s) that enable the physical layer of LoRaWAN networks. If you need a LoRaWAN implementation have a look at [Jeroennijhof](https://github.com/jeroennijhof)s [LoRaWAN](https://github.com/jeroennijhof/LoRaWAN) which is based on pySX127x.
 By the way, LoRaWAN is what you need when you want to talk to the [TheThingsNetwork](https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/), a "global open LoRaWAN network". The site has a lot of information and links to products and projects.
 # References
 ### Hardware references
 * [Semtech SX1276/77/78/79 - 137 MHz to 1020 MHz Low Power Long Range Transceiver](http://www.semtech.com/images/datasheet/sx1276_77_78_79.pdf)
 * [Modtronix inAir9](http://modtronix.com/inair9.html)
 * [Spidev Documentation](http://tightdev.net/SpiDev_Doc.pdf)
 * [Make: Tutorial: Raspberry Pi GPIO Pins and Python](http://makezine.com/projects/tutorial-raspberry-pi-gpio-pins-and-python/)
 ### LoRa performance tests
 * [Extreme Range Links: LoRa 868 / 900MHz SX1272 LoRa module for Arduino, Raspberry Pi and Intel Galileo](https://www.cooking-hacks.com/documentation/tutorials/extreme-range-lora-sx1272-module-shield-arduino-raspberry-pi-intel-galileo/)
 * [UK LoRa versus FSK - 40km LoS (Line of Sight) test!](http://www.instructables.com/id/Introducing-LoRa-/step17/Other-region-tests/)
 * [Andreas Spiess LoRaWAN World Record Attempt](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adhWIo-7gr4)
 ### Spread spectrum modulation theory
 * [An Introduction to Spread Spectrum Techniques](http://www.ausairpower.net/OSR-0597.html)
 * [Theory of Spread-Spectrum Communications-A Tutorial](http://www.fer.unizg.hr/_download/repository/Theory%20of%20Spread-Spectrum%20Communications-A%20Tutorial.pdf)
 (technical paper)
 # Copyright and License
 &copy; 2015 Mayer Analytics Ltd., All Rights Reserved.
 ### Short version
 The license is [GNU AGPL](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html).
 ### Long version
 pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the 
 GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, 
 either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 
 See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. 
 Such a license is mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving 
 pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with pySX127.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 # Other legal boredom
 LoRa, LoRaWAN, LoRa Alliance are all trademarks by ... someone.
--- a/pySX127x/SX127x/LoRa.py
+++ b/pySX127x/SX127x/LoRa.py
@ -0,0 +1,951 @@
 """ Defines the SX127x class and a few utility functions. """
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015-2018 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 import sys
 from .constants import *
 from .board_config import BOARD
 ################################################## Some utility functions ##############################################
 def set_bit(value, index, new_bit):
    """ Set the index'th bit of value to new_bit, and return the new value.
    :param value:   The integer to set the new_bit in
    :type value:    int
    :param index: 0-based index
    :param new_bit: New value the bit shall have (0 or 1)
    :return:    Changed value
    :rtype: int
    """
    mask = 1 << index
    value &= ~mask
    if new_bit:
        value |= mask
    return value
 def getter(register_address):
    """ The getter decorator reads the register content and calls the decorated function to do
        post-processing.
    :param register_address: Register address
    :return: Register value
    :rtype: int
    """
    def decorator(func):
        def wrapper(self):
            return func(self, self.spi.xfer([register_address, 0])[1])
        return wrapper
    return decorator
 def setter(register_address):
    """ The setter decorator calls the decorated function for pre-processing and
        then writes the result to the register
    :param register_address: Register address
    :return: New register value
    :rtype: int
    """
    def decorator(func):
        def wrapper(self, val):
            return self.spi.xfer([register_address | 0x80, func(self, val)])[1]
        return wrapper
    return decorator
 ############################################### Definition of the LoRa class ###########################################
 class LoRa(object):
    spi = BOARD.SpiDev()              # init and get the baord's SPI
    mode = None                       # the mode is backed up here
    backup_registers = []
    verbose = True
    dio_mapping = [None] * 6          # store the dio mapping here
    def __init__(self, verbose=True, do_calibration=True, calibration_freq=868):
        """ Init the object
        Send the device to sleep, read all registers, and do the calibration (if do_calibration=True)
        :param verbose: Set the verbosity True/False
        :param calibration_freq: call rx_chain_calibration with this parameter. Default is 868
        :param do_calibration: Call rx_chain_calibration, default is True.
        """
        self.verbose = verbose
        # set the callbacks for DIO0..5 IRQs.
        BOARD.add_events(self._dio0, self._dio1, self._dio2, self._dio3, self._dio4, self._dio5)
        # set mode to sleep and read all registers
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.backup_registers = self.get_all_registers()
        # more setup work:
        if do_calibration:
            self.rx_chain_calibration(calibration_freq)
        # the FSK registers are set up exactly as modtronix do it:
        lookup_fsk = [
            #[REG.FSK.LNA            , 0x23],
            #[REG.FSK.RX_CONFIG      , 0x1E],
            #[REG.FSK.RSSI_CONFIG    , 0xD2],
            #[REG.FSK.PREAMBLE_DETECT, 0xAA],
            #[REG.FSK.OSC            , 0x07],
            #[REG.FSK.SYNC_CONFIG    , 0x12],
            #[REG.FSK.SYNC_VALUE_1   , 0xC1],
            #[REG.FSK.SYNC_VALUE_2   , 0x94],
            #[REG.FSK.SYNC_VALUE_3   , 0xC1],
            #[REG.FSK.PACKET_CONFIG_1, 0xD8],
            #[REG.FSK.FIFO_THRESH    , 0x8F],
            #[REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL      , 0x02],
            #[REG.FSK.DIO_MAPPING_1  , 0x00],
            #[REG.FSK.DIO_MAPPING_2  , 0x30]
        ]
        self.set_mode(MODE.FSK_STDBY)
        for register_address, value in lookup_fsk:
            self.set_register(register_address, value)
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        # set the dio_ mapping by calling the two get_dio_mapping_* functions
        self.get_dio_mapping_1()
        self.get_dio_mapping_2()
    # Overridable functions:
    def on_rx_done(self):
        pass
    def on_tx_done(self):
        pass
    def on_cad_done(self):
        pass
    def on_rx_timeout(self):
        pass
    def on_valid_header(self):
        pass
    def on_payload_crc_error(self):
        pass
    def on_fhss_change_channel(self):
        pass
    # Internal callbacks for add_events()
    def _dio0(self, channel):
        # DIO0 00: RxDone
        # DIO0 01: TxDone
        # DIO0 10: CadDone
        if self.dio_mapping[0] == 0:
            self.on_rx_done()
        elif self.dio_mapping[0] == 1:
            self.on_tx_done()
        elif self.dio_mapping[0] == 2:
            self.on_cad_done()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("unknown dio0mapping!")
    def _dio1(self, channel):
        # DIO1 00: RxTimeout
        # DIO1 01: FhssChangeChannel
        # DIO1 10: CadDetected
        if self.dio_mapping[1] == 0:
            self.on_rx_timeout()
        elif self.dio_mapping[1] == 1:
            self.on_fhss_change_channel()
        elif self.dio_mapping[1] == 2:
            self.on_CadDetected()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("unknown dio1mapping!")
    def _dio2(self, channel):
        # DIO2 00: FhssChangeChannel
        # DIO2 01: FhssChangeChannel
        # DIO2 10: FhssChangeChannel
        self.on_fhss_change_channel()
    def _dio3(self, channel):
        # DIO3 00: CadDone
        # DIO3 01: ValidHeader
        # DIO3 10: PayloadCrcError
        if self.dio_mapping[3] == 0:
            self.on_cad_done()
        elif self.dio_mapping[3] == 1:
            self.on_valid_header()
        elif self.dio_mapping[3] == 2:
            self.on_payload_crc_error()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("unknown dio3 mapping!")
    def _dio4(self, channel):
        raise RuntimeError("DIO4 is not used")
    def _dio5(self, channel):
        raise RuntimeError("DIO5 is not used")
    # All the set/get/read/write functions
    def get_mode(self):
        """ Get the mode
        :return:    New mode
        """
        self.mode = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.OP_MODE, 0])[1]
        return self.mode
    def set_mode(self, mode):
        """ Set the mode
        :param mode: Set the mode. Use constants.MODE class
        :return:    New mode
        """
        # the mode is backed up in self.mode
        if mode == self.mode:
            return mode
        if self.verbose:
            sys.stderr.write("Mode <- %s\n" % MODE.lookup[mode])
        self.mode = mode
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.OP_MODE | 0x80, mode])[1]
    def write_payload(self, payload):
        """ Get FIFO ready for TX: Set FifoAddrPtr to FifoTxBaseAddr. The transceiver is put into STDBY mode.
        :param payload: Payload to write (list)
        :return:    Written payload
        """
        payload_size = len(payload)
        self.set_payload_length(payload_size)
        self.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
        base_addr = self.get_fifo_tx_base_addr()
        self.set_fifo_addr_ptr(base_addr)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO | 0x80] + payload)[1:]
    def reset_ptr_rx(self):
        """ Get FIFO ready for RX: Set FifoAddrPtr to FifoRxBaseAddr. The transceiver is put into STDBY mode. """
        self.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
        base_addr = self.get_fifo_rx_base_addr()
        self.set_fifo_addr_ptr(base_addr)
    def rx_is_good(self):
        """ Check the IRQ flags for RX errors
        :return: True if no errors
        :rtype: bool
        """
        flags = self.get_irq_flags()
        return not any([flags[s] for s in ['valid_header', 'crc_error', 'rx_done', 'rx_timeout']])
    def read_payload(self , nocheck = False):
        """ Read the payload from FIFO
        :param nocheck: If True then check rx_is_good()
        :return: Payload
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        if not nocheck and not self.rx_is_good():
            return None
        rx_nb_bytes = self.get_rx_nb_bytes()
        fifo_rx_current_addr = self.get_fifo_rx_current_addr()
        self.set_fifo_addr_ptr(fifo_rx_current_addr)
        payload = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO] + [0] * rx_nb_bytes)[1:]
        return payload
    def get_freq(self):
        """ Get the frequency (MHz)
        :return:    Frequency in MHz
        :rtype:     float
        """
        msb, mid, lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FR_MSB, 0, 0, 0])[1:]
        f = lsb + 256*(mid + 256*msb)
        return f / 16384.
    def set_freq(self, f):
        """ Set the frequency (MHz)
        :param f: Frequency in MHz
        "type f: float
        :return: New register settings (3 bytes [msb, mid, lsb])
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        assert self.mode == MODE.SLEEP or self.mode == MODE.STDBY or self.mode == MODE.FSK_STDBY
        i = int(f * 16384.)    # choose floor
        msb = i // 65536
        i -= msb * 65536
        mid = i // 256
        i -= mid * 256
        lsb = i
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FR_MSB | 0x80, msb, mid, lsb])
    def get_pa_config(self, convert_dBm=False):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PA_CONFIG, 0])[1]
        pa_select    = v >> 7
        max_power    = v >> 4 & 0b111
        output_power = v & 0b1111
        if convert_dBm:
            max_power = max_power * .6 + 10.8
            output_power = max_power - (15 - output_power)
        return dict(
                pa_select    = pa_select,
                max_power    = max_power,
                output_power = output_power
            )
    def set_pa_config(self, pa_select=None, max_power=None, output_power=None):
        """ Configure the PA
        :param pa_select: Selects PA output pin, 0->RFO, 1->PA_BOOST
        :param max_power: Select max output power Pmax=10.8+0.6*MaxPower
        :param output_power: Output power Pout=Pmax-(15-OutputPower) if PaSelect = 0,
                Pout=17-(15-OutputPower) if PaSelect = 1 (PA_BOOST pin)
        :return: new register value
        """
        loc = locals()
        current = self.get_pa_config()
        loc = {s: current[s] if loc[s] is None else loc[s] for s in loc}
        val = (loc['pa_select'] << 7) | (loc['max_power'] << 4) | (loc['output_power'])
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PA_CONFIG | 0x80, val])[1]
    @getter(REG.LORA.PA_RAMP)
    def get_pa_ramp(self, val):
        return val & 0b1111
    @setter(REG.LORA.PA_RAMP)
    def set_pa_ramp(self, val):
        return val & 0b1111
    def get_ocp(self, convert_mA=False):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.OCP, 0])[1]
        ocp_on = v >> 5 & 0x01
        ocp_trim = v & 0b11111
        if convert_mA:
            if ocp_trim <= 15:
                ocp_trim = 45. + 5. * ocp_trim
            elif ocp_trim <= 27:
                ocp_trim = -30. + 10. * ocp_trim
            else:
                assert ocp_trim <= 27
        return dict(
                ocp_on   = ocp_on,
                ocp_trim = ocp_trim
                )
    def set_ocp_trim(self, I_mA):
        assert(I_mA >= 45 and I_mA <= 240)
        ocp_on = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.OCP, 0])[1] >> 5 & 0x01
        if I_mA <= 120:
            v = int(round((I_mA-45.)/5.))
        else:
            v = int(round((I_mA+30.)/10.))
        v = set_bit(v, 5, ocp_on)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.OCP | 0x80, v])[1]
    def get_lna(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.LNA, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                lna_gain     = v >> 5,
                lna_boost_lf = v >> 3 & 0b11,
                lna_boost_hf = v & 0b11
            )
    def set_lna(self, lna_gain=None, lna_boost_lf=None, lna_boost_hf=None):
        assert lna_boost_hf is None or lna_boost_hf == 0b00 or lna_boost_hf == 0b11
        self.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
        if lna_gain is not None:
            # Apparently agc_auto_on must be 0 in order to set lna_gain
            self.set_agc_auto_on(lna_gain == GAIN.NOT_USED)
        loc = locals()
        current = self.get_lna()
        loc = {s: current[s] if loc[s] is None else loc[s] for s in loc}
        val = (loc['lna_gain'] << 5) | (loc['lna_boost_lf'] << 3) | (loc['lna_boost_hf'])
        retval = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.LNA | 0x80, val])[1]
        if lna_gain is not None:
            # agc_auto_on must track lna_gain: GAIN=NOT_USED -> agc_auto=ON, otherwise =OFF
            self.set_agc_auto_on(lna_gain == GAIN.NOT_USED)
        return retval
    def set_lna_gain(self, lna_gain):
        self.set_lna(lna_gain=lna_gain)
    def get_fifo_addr_ptr(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_ADDR_PTR, 0])[1]
    def set_fifo_addr_ptr(self, ptr):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_ADDR_PTR | 0x80, ptr])[1]
    def get_fifo_tx_base_addr(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR, 0])[1]
    def set_fifo_tx_base_addr(self, ptr):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR | 0x80, ptr])[1]
    def get_fifo_rx_base_addr(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR, 0])[1]
    def set_fifo_rx_base_addr(self, ptr):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR | 0x80, ptr])[1]
    def get_fifo_rx_current_addr(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_RX_CURR_ADDR, 0])[1]
    def get_fifo_rx_byte_addr(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FIFO_RX_BYTE_ADDR, 0])[1]
    def get_irq_flags_mask(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS_MASK, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                rx_timeout     = v >> 7 & 0x01,
                rx_done        = v >> 6 & 0x01,
                crc_error      = v >> 5 & 0x01,
                valid_header   = v >> 4 & 0x01,
                tx_done        = v >> 3 & 0x01,
                cad_done       = v >> 2 & 0x01,
                fhss_change_ch = v >> 1 & 0x01,
                cad_detected   = v >> 0 & 0x01,
            )
    def set_irq_flags_mask(self,
                           rx_timeout=None, rx_done=None, crc_error=None, valid_header=None, tx_done=None,
                           cad_done=None, fhss_change_ch=None, cad_detected=None):
        loc = locals()
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS_MASK, 0])[1]
        for i, s in enumerate(['cad_detected', 'fhss_change_ch', 'cad_done', 'tx_done', 'valid_header',
                               'crc_error', 'rx_done', 'rx_timeout']):
            this_bit = locals()[s]
            if this_bit is not None:
                v = set_bit(v, i, this_bit)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS_MASK | 0x80, v])[1]
    def get_irq_flags(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                rx_timeout     = v >> 7 & 0x01,
                rx_done        = v >> 6 & 0x01,
                crc_error      = v >> 5 & 0x01,
                valid_header   = v >> 4 & 0x01,
                tx_done        = v >> 3 & 0x01,
                cad_done       = v >> 2 & 0x01,
                fhss_change_ch = v >> 1 & 0x01,
                cad_detected   = v >> 0 & 0x01,
            )
    def set_irq_flags(self,
                      rx_timeout=None, rx_done=None, crc_error=None, valid_header=None, tx_done=None,
                      cad_done=None, fhss_change_ch=None, cad_detected=None):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS, 0])[1]
        for i, s in enumerate(['cad_detected', 'fhss_change_ch', 'cad_done', 'tx_done', 'valid_header',
                               'crc_error', 'rx_done', 'rx_timeout']):
            this_bit = locals()[s]
            if this_bit is not None:
                v = set_bit(v, i, this_bit)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS | 0x80, v])[1]
    def clear_irq_flags(self,
                        RxTimeout=None, RxDone=None, PayloadCrcError=None, 
                        ValidHeader=None, TxDone=None, CadDone=None, 
                        FhssChangeChannel=None, CadDetected=None):
        v = 0
        for i, s in enumerate(['CadDetected', 'FhssChangeChannel', 'CadDone', 
                                'TxDone', 'ValidHeader', 'PayloadCrcError', 
                                'RxDone', 'RxTimeout']):
            this_bit = locals()[s]
            if this_bit is not None:
                v = set_bit(v, eval('MASK.IRQ_FLAGS.' + s), this_bit)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.IRQ_FLAGS | 0x80, v])[1]
    def get_rx_nb_bytes(self):
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.RX_NB_BYTES, 0])[1]
    def get_rx_header_cnt(self):
        msb, lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.RX_HEADER_CNT_MSB, 0, 0])[1:]
        return lsb + 256 * msb
    def get_rx_packet_cnt(self):
        msb, lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.RX_PACKET_CNT_MSB, 0, 0])[1:]
        return lsb + 256 * msb
    def get_modem_status(self):
        status = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_STAT, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                rx_coding_rate    = status >> 5 & 0x03,
                modem_clear       = status >> 4 & 0x01,
                header_info_valid = status >> 3 & 0x01,
                rx_ongoing        = status >> 2 & 0x01,
                signal_sync       = status >> 1 & 0x01,
                signal_detected   = status >> 0 & 0x01
            )
    def get_pkt_snr_value(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PKT_SNR_VALUE, 0])[1]
        return (float(v-256) if v > 127 else float(v)) / 4.
    def get_pkt_rssi_value(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PKT_RSSI_VALUE, 0])[1]
        return v - (164 if BOARD.low_band else 157)     # See datasheet 5.5.5. p. 87
    def get_rssi_value(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.RSSI_VALUE, 0])[1]
        return v - (164 if BOARD.low_band else 157)     # See datasheet 5.5.5. p. 87
    def get_hop_channel(self):
        v = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.HOP_CHANNEL, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                pll_timeout          = v >> 7,
                crc_on_payload       = v >> 6 & 0x01,
                fhss_present_channel = v >> 5 & 0b111111
            )
    def get_modem_config_1(self):
        val = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_1, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                bw = val >> 4 & 0x0F,
                coding_rate = val >> 1 & 0x07,
                implicit_header_mode = val & 0x01
            )
    def set_modem_config_1(self, bw=None, coding_rate=None, implicit_header_mode=None):
        loc = locals()
        current = self.get_modem_config_1()
        loc = {s: current[s] if loc[s] is None else loc[s] for s in loc}
        val = loc['implicit_header_mode'] | (loc['coding_rate'] << 1) | (loc['bw'] << 4)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_1 | 0x80, val])[1]
    def set_bw(self, bw):
        """ Set the bandwidth 0=7.8kHz ... 9=500kHz
        :param bw: A number 0,2,3,...,9
        :return:
        """
        self.set_modem_config_1(bw=bw)
    def set_coding_rate(self, coding_rate):
        """ Set the coding rate 4/5, 4/6, 4/7, 4/8
        :param coding_rate: A number 1,2,3,4
        :return: New register value
        """
        self.set_modem_config_1(coding_rate=coding_rate)
    def set_implicit_header_mode(self, implicit_header_mode):
        self.set_modem_config_1(implicit_header_mode=implicit_header_mode)
    def get_modem_config_2(self, include_symb_timout_lsb=False):
        val = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2, 0])[1]
        d = dict(
                spreading_factor = val >> 4 & 0x0F,
                tx_cont_mode = val >> 3 & 0x01,
                rx_crc = val >> 2 & 0x01,
            )
        if include_symb_timout_lsb:
            d['symb_timout_lsb'] = val & 0x03
        return d
    def set_modem_config_2(self, spreading_factor=None, tx_cont_mode=None, rx_crc=None):
        loc = locals()
        # RegModemConfig2 contains the SymbTimout MSB bits. We tack the back on when writing this register.
        current = self.get_modem_config_2(include_symb_timout_lsb=True)
        loc = {s: current[s] if loc[s] is None else loc[s] for s in loc}
        val = (loc['spreading_factor'] << 4) | (loc['tx_cont_mode'] << 3) | (loc['rx_crc'] << 2) | current['symb_timout_lsb']
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2 | 0x80, val])[1]
    def set_spreading_factor(self, spreading_factor):
        self.set_modem_config_2(spreading_factor=spreading_factor)
    def set_rx_crc(self, rx_crc):
        self.set_modem_config_2(rx_crc=rx_crc)
    def get_modem_config_3(self):
        val = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3, 0])[1]
        return dict(
                low_data_rate_optim = val >> 3 & 0x01,
                agc_auto_on = val >> 2 & 0x01
            )
    def set_modem_config_3(self, low_data_rate_optim=None, agc_auto_on=None):
        loc = locals()
        current = self.get_modem_config_3()
        loc = {s: current[s] if loc[s] is None else loc[s] for s in loc}
        val = (loc['low_data_rate_optim'] << 3) | (loc['agc_auto_on'] << 2)
        return self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3 | 0x80, val])[1]
    @setter(REG.LORA.INVERT_IQ)
    def set_invert_iq(self, invert):
        """ Invert the LoRa I and Q signals
        :param invert: 0: normal mode, 1: I and Q inverted
        :return: New value of register
        """
        return 0x27 | (invert & 0x01) << 6
    @getter(REG.LORA.INVERT_IQ)
    def get_invert_iq(self, val):
        """ Get the invert the I and Q setting
        :return: 0: normal mode, 1: I and Q inverted
        """
        return (val >> 6) & 0x01
    def get_agc_auto_on(self):
        return self.get_modem_config_3()['agc_auto_on']
    def set_agc_auto_on(self, agc_auto_on):
        self.set_modem_config_3(agc_auto_on=agc_auto_on)
    def get_low_data_rate_optim(self):
        return self.set_modem_config_3()['low_data_rate_optim']
    def set_low_data_rate_optim(self, low_data_rate_optim):
        self.set_modem_config_3(low_data_rate_optim=low_data_rate_optim)
    def get_symb_timeout(self):
        SYMB_TIMEOUT_MSB = REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2
        msb, lsb = self.spi.xfer([SYMB_TIMEOUT_MSB, 0, 0])[1:]    # the MSB bits are stored in REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2
        msb = msb & 0b11
        return lsb + 256 * msb
    def set_symb_timeout(self, timeout):
        bkup_reg_modem_config_2 = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2, 0])[1]
        msb = timeout >> 8 & 0b11    # bits 8-9
        lsb = timeout - 256 * msb    # bits 0-7
        reg_modem_config_2 = bkup_reg_modem_config_2 & 0xFC | msb    # bits 2-7 of bkup_reg_modem_config_2 ORed with the two msb bits
        old_msb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_2  | 0x80, reg_modem_config_2])[1] & 0x03
        old_lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.SYMB_TIMEOUT_LSB | 0x80, lsb])[1]
        return old_lsb + 256 * old_msb
    def get_preamble(self):
        msb, lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PREAMBLE_MSB, 0, 0])[1:]
        return lsb + 256 * msb
    def set_preamble(self, preamble):
        msb = preamble >> 8
        lsb = preamble - msb * 256
        old_msb, old_lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.PREAMBLE_MSB | 0x80, msb, lsb])[1:]
        return old_lsb + 256 * old_msb
    @getter(REG.LORA.PAYLOAD_LENGTH)
    def get_payload_length(self, val):
        return val
    @setter(REG.LORA.PAYLOAD_LENGTH)
    def set_payload_length(self, payload_length):
        return payload_length
    @getter(REG.LORA.MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH)
    def get_max_payload_length(self, val):
        return val
    @setter(REG.LORA.MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH)
    def set_max_payload_length(self, max_payload_length):
        return max_payload_length
    @getter(REG.LORA.HOP_PERIOD)
    def get_hop_period(self, val):
        return val
    @setter(REG.LORA.HOP_PERIOD)
    def set_hop_period(self, hop_period):
        return hop_period
    def get_fei(self):
        msb, mid, lsb = self.spi.xfer([REG.LORA.FEI_MSB, 0, 0, 0])[1:]
        msb &= 0x0F
        freq_error = lsb + 256 * (mid + 256 * msb)
        return freq_error
    @getter(REG.LORA.DETECT_OPTIMIZE)
    def get_detect_optimize(self, val):
        """ Get LoRa detection optimize setting
        :return: detection optimize setting 0x03: SF7-12, 0x05: SF6
        """
        return val & 0b111
    @setter(REG.LORA.DETECT_OPTIMIZE)
    def set_detect_optimize(self, detect_optimize):
        """ Set LoRa detection optimize
        :param detect_optimize 0x03: SF7-12, 0x05: SF6
        :return: New register value
        """
        assert detect_optimize == 0x03 or detect_optimize == 0x05
        return detect_optimize & 0b111
    @getter(REG.LORA.DETECTION_THRESH)
    def get_detection_threshold(self, val):
        """ Get LoRa detection threshold setting
        :return: detection threshold 0x0A: SF7-12, 0x0C: SF6
        """
        return val
    @setter(REG.LORA.DETECTION_THRESH)
    def set_detection_threshold(self, detect_threshold):
        """ Set LoRa detection optimize
        :param detect_threshold 0x0A: SF7-12, 0x0C: SF6
        :return: New register value
        """
        assert detect_threshold == 0x0A or detect_threshold == 0x0C
        return detect_threshold
    @getter(REG.LORA.SYNC_WORD)
    def get_sync_word(self, sync_word):
        return sync_word
    @setter(REG.LORA.SYNC_WORD)
    def set_sync_word(self, sync_word):
        return sync_word
    @getter(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1)
    def get_dio_mapping_1(self, mapping):
        """ Get mapping of pins DIO0 to DIO3. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :param mapping: Register value
        :type mapping: int
        :return: Value of the mapping list
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        self.dio_mapping = [mapping>>6 & 0x03, mapping>>4 & 0x03, mapping>>2 & 0x03, mapping>>0 & 0x03] \
                           + self.dio_mapping[4:6]
        return self.dio_mapping
    @setter(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1)
    def set_dio_mapping_1(self, mapping):
        """ Set mapping of pins DIO0 to DIO3. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :param mapping: Register value
        :type mapping: int
        :return: New value of the register
        :rtype: int
        """
        self.dio_mapping = [mapping>>6 & 0x03, mapping>>4 & 0x03, mapping>>2 & 0x03, mapping>>0 & 0x03] \
                           + self.dio_mapping[4:6]
        return mapping
    @getter(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2)
    def get_dio_mapping_2(self, mapping):
        """ Get mapping of pins DIO4 to DIO5. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :param mapping: Register value
        :type mapping: int
        :return: Value of the mapping list
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        self.dio_mapping = self.dio_mapping[0:4] + [mapping>>6 & 0x03, mapping>>4 & 0x03]
        return self.dio_mapping
    @setter(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2)
    def set_dio_mapping_2(self, mapping):
        """ Set mapping of pins DIO4 to DIO5. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :param mapping: Register value
        :type mapping: int
        :return: New value of the register
        :rtype: int
        """
        assert mapping & 0b00001110 == 0
        self.dio_mapping = self.dio_mapping[0:4] + [mapping>>6 & 0x03, mapping>>4 & 0x03]
        return mapping
    def get_dio_mapping(self):
        """ Utility function that returns the list of current DIO mappings. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :return: List of current DIO mappings
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        self.get_dio_mapping_1()
        return self.get_dio_mapping_2()
    def set_dio_mapping(self, mapping):
        """ Utility function that returns the list of current DIO mappings. Object variable dio_mapping will be set.
        :param mapping: DIO mapping list
        :type mapping: list[int]
        :return: New DIO mapping list
        :rtype: list[int]
        """
        mapping_1 = (mapping[0] & 0x03) << 6 | (mapping[1] & 0x03) << 4 | (mapping[2] & 0x3) << 2 | mapping[3] & 0x3
        mapping_2 = (mapping[4] & 0x03) << 6 | (mapping[5] & 0x03) << 4
        self.set_dio_mapping_1(mapping_1)
        return self.set_dio_mapping_2(mapping_2)
    @getter(REG.LORA.VERSION)
    def get_version(self, version):
        """ Version code of the chip.
            Bits 7-4 give the full revision number; bits 3-0 give the metal mask revision number.
        :return: Version code
        :rtype: int
        """
        return version
    @getter(REG.LORA.TCXO)
    def get_tcxo(self, tcxo):
        """ Get TCXO or XTAL input setting
            0 -> "XTAL": Crystal Oscillator with external Crystal
            1 -> "TCXO": External clipped sine TCXO AC-connected to XTA pin
        :param tcxo: 1=TCXO or 0=XTAL input setting
        :return: TCXO or XTAL input setting
        :type: int (0 or 1)
        """
        return tcxo & 0b00010000
    @setter(REG.LORA.TCXO)
    def set_tcxo(self, tcxo):
        """ Make TCXO or XTAL input setting.
            0 -> "XTAL": Crystal Oscillator with external Crystal
            1 -> "TCXO": External clipped sine TCXO AC-connected to XTA pin
        :param tcxo: 1=TCXO or 0=XTAL input setting
        :return: new TCXO or XTAL input setting
        """
        return (tcxo >= 1) << 4 | 0x09      # bits 0-3 must be 0b1001
    @getter(REG.LORA.PA_DAC)
    def get_pa_dac(self, pa_dac):
        """ Enables the +20dBm option on PA_BOOST pin
            False -> Default value
            True  -> +20dBm on PA_BOOST when OutputPower=1111
        :return: True/False if +20dBm option on PA_BOOST on/off
        :rtype: bool
        """
        pa_dac &= 0x07      # only bits 0-2
        if pa_dac == 0x04:
            return False
        elif pa_dac == 0x07:
            return True
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("Bad PA_DAC value %s" % hex(pa_dac))
    @setter(REG.LORA.PA_DAC)
    def set_pa_dac(self, pa_dac):
        """ Enables the +20dBm option on PA_BOOST pin
            False -> Default value
            True  -> +20dBm on PA_BOOST when OutputPower=1111
        :param pa_dac: 1/0 if +20dBm option on PA_BOOST on/off
        :return: New pa_dac register value
        :rtype: int
        """
        return 0x87 if pa_dac else 0x84
    def rx_chain_calibration(self, freq=868.):
        """ Run the image calibration (see Semtech documentation section 4.2.3.8)
        :param freq: Frequency for the HF calibration
        :return: None
        """
        # backup some registers
        op_mode_bkup = self.get_mode()
        pa_config_bkup = self.get_register(REG.LORA.PA_CONFIG)
        freq_bkup = self.get_freq()
        # for image calibration device must be in FSK standby mode
        self.set_mode(MODE.FSK_STDBY)
        # cut the PA
        self.set_register(REG.LORA.PA_CONFIG, 0x00)
        # calibration for the LF band
        image_cal = (self.get_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL) & 0xBF) | 0x40
        self.set_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL, image_cal)
        while (self.get_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL) & 0x20) == 0x20:
            pass
        # Set a Frequency in HF band
        self.set_freq(freq)
        # calibration for the HF band
        image_cal = (self.get_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL) & 0xBF) | 0x40
        self.set_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL, image_cal)
        while (self.get_register(REG.FSK.IMAGE_CAL) & 0x20) == 0x20:
            pass
        # put back the saved parameters
        self.set_mode(op_mode_bkup)
        self.set_register(REG.LORA.PA_CONFIG, pa_config_bkup)
        self.set_freq(freq_bkup)
    def dump_registers(self):
        """ Returns a list of [reg_addr, reg_name, reg_value] tuples. Chip is put into mode SLEEP.
        :return: List of [reg_addr, reg_name, reg_value] tuples
        :rtype: list[tuple]
        """
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        values = self.get_all_registers()
        skip_set = set([REG.LORA.FIFO])
        result_list = []
        for i, s in REG.LORA.lookup.iteritems():
            if i in skip_set:
                continue
            v = values[i]
            result_list.append((i, s, v))
        return result_list
    def get_register(self, register_address):
        return self.spi.xfer([register_address & 0x7F, 0])[1]
    def set_register(self, register_address, val):
        return self.spi.xfer([register_address | 0x80, val])[1]
    def get_all_registers(self):
        # read all registers
        reg = [0] + self.spi.xfer([1]+[0]*0x3E)[1:]
        self.mode = reg[1]
        return reg
    def __del__(self):
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        if self.verbose:
            sys.stderr.write("MODE=SLEEP\n")
    def __str__(self):
        # don't use __str__ while in any mode other that SLEEP or STDBY
        assert(self.mode == MODE.SLEEP or self.mode == MODE.STDBY)
        onoff = lambda i: 'ON' if i else 'OFF'
        f = self.get_freq()
        cfg1 = self.get_modem_config_1()
        cfg2 = self.get_modem_config_2()
        cfg3 = self.get_modem_config_3()
        pa_config = self.get_pa_config(convert_dBm=True)
        ocp = self.get_ocp(convert_mA=True)
        lna = self.get_lna()
        s =  "SX127x LoRa registers:\n"
        s += " mode               %s\n" % MODE.lookup[self.get_mode()]
        s += " freq               %f MHz\n" % f
        s += " coding_rate        %s\n" % CODING_RATE.lookup[cfg1['coding_rate']]
        s += " bw                 %s\n" % BW.lookup[cfg1['bw']]
        s += " spreading_factor   %s chips/symb\n" % (1 << cfg2['spreading_factor'])
        s += " implicit_hdr_mode  %s\n" % onoff(cfg1['implicit_header_mode'])
        s += " rx_payload_crc     %s\n" % onoff(cfg2['rx_crc'])
        s += " tx_cont_mode       %s\n" % onoff(cfg2['tx_cont_mode'])
        s += " preamble           %d\n" % self.get_preamble()
        s += " low_data_rate_opti %s\n" % onoff(cfg3['low_data_rate_optim'])
        s += " agc_auto_on        %s\n" % onoff(cfg3['agc_auto_on'])
        s += " symb_timeout       %s\n" % self.get_symb_timeout()
        s += " freq_hop_period    %s\n" % self.get_hop_period()
        s += " hop_channel        %s\n" % self.get_hop_channel()
        s += " payload_length     %s\n" % self.get_payload_length()
        s += " max_payload_length %s\n" % self.get_max_payload_length()
        s += " irq_flags_mask     %s\n" % self.get_irq_flags_mask()
        s += " irq_flags          %s\n" % self.get_irq_flags()
        s += " rx_nb_byte         %d\n" % self.get_rx_nb_bytes()
        s += " rx_header_cnt      %d\n" % self.get_rx_header_cnt()
        s += " rx_packet_cnt      %d\n" % self.get_rx_packet_cnt()
        s += " pkt_snr_value      %f\n" % self.get_pkt_snr_value()
        s += " pkt_rssi_value     %d\n" % self.get_pkt_rssi_value()
        s += " rssi_value         %d\n" % self.get_rssi_value()
        s += " fei                %d\n" % self.get_fei()
        s += " pa_select          %s\n" % PA_SELECT.lookup[pa_config['pa_select']]
        s += " max_power          %f dBm\n" % pa_config['max_power']
        s += " output_power       %f dBm\n" % pa_config['output_power']
        s += " ocp                %s\n"     % onoff(ocp['ocp_on'])
        s += " ocp_trim           %f mA\n"  % ocp['ocp_trim']
        s += " lna_gain           %s\n" % GAIN.lookup[lna['lna_gain']]
        s += " lna_boost_lf       %s\n" % bin(lna['lna_boost_lf'])
        s += " lna_boost_hf       %s\n" % bin(lna['lna_boost_hf'])
        s += " detect_optimize    %#02x\n" % self.get_detect_optimize()
        s += " detection_thresh   %#02x\n" % self.get_detection_threshold()
        s += " sync_word          %#02x\n" % self.get_sync_word()
        s += " dio_mapping 0..5   %s\n" % self.get_dio_mapping()
        s += " tcxo               %s\n" % ['XTAL', 'TCXO'][self.get_tcxo()]
        s += " pa_dac             %s\n" % ['default', 'PA_BOOST'][self.get_pa_dac()]
        s += " fifo_addr_ptr      %#02x\n" % self.get_fifo_addr_ptr()
        s += " fifo_tx_base_addr  %#02x\n" % self.get_fifo_tx_base_addr()
        s += " fifo_rx_base_addr  %#02x\n" % self.get_fifo_rx_base_addr()
        s += " fifo_rx_curr_addr  %#02x\n" % self.get_fifo_rx_current_addr()
        s += " fifo_rx_byte_addr  %#02x\n" % self.get_fifo_rx_byte_addr()
        s += " status             %s\n" % self.get_modem_status()
        s += " version            %#02x\n" % self.get_version()
        return s
--- a/pySX127x/SX127x/LoRaArgumentParser.py
+++ b/pySX127x/SX127x/LoRaArgumentParser.py
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
 """ Defines LoRaArgumentParser which extends argparse.ArgumentParser with standard config parameters for the SX127x. """
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2018 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 import argparse
 class LoRaArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
    """ This class extends argparse.ArgumentParser.
        Some commonly used LoRa config parameters are defined
        * ocp
        * spreading factor
        * frequency
        * bandwidth
        * preamble
        Call the parse_args with an additional parameter referencing a LoRa object. The args will be used to configure
        the LoRa.
    """
    bw_lookup = dict(BW7_8=0, BW10_4=1, BW15_6=2, BW20_8=3, BW31_25=4, BW41_7=5, BW62_5=6, BW125=7, BW250=8, BW500=9)
    cr_lookup = dict(CR4_5=1, CR4_6=2,CR4_7=3,CR4_8=4)
    def __init__(self, description):
        argparse.ArgumentParser.__init__(self, description=description)
        self.add_argument('--ocp', '-c', dest='ocp', default=100, action="store", type=float,
                          help="Over current protection in mA (45 .. 240 mA)")
        self.add_argument('--sf', '-s', dest='sf', default=7, action="store", type=int,
                          help="Spreading factor (6...12). Default is 7.")
        self.add_argument('--freq', '-f', dest='freq', default=869., action="store", type=float,
                          help="Frequency")
        self.add_argument('--bw', '-b', dest='bw', default='BW125', action="store", type=str,
                          help="Bandwidth (one of BW7_8 BW10_4 BW15_6 BW20_8 BW31_25 BW41_7 BW62_5 BW125 BW250 BW500).\nDefault is BW125.")
        self.add_argument('--cr', '-r', dest='coding_rate', default='CR4_5', action="store", type=str,
                          help="Coding rate (one of CR4_5 CR4_6 CR4_7 CR4_8).\nDefault is CR4_5.")
        self.add_argument('--preamble', '-p', dest='preamble', default=8, action="store", type=int,
                          help="Preamble length. Default is 8.")
    def parse_args(self, lora):
        """ Parse the args, perform some sanity checks and configure the LoRa accordingly.
        :param lora: Reference to LoRa object
        :return: args
        """
        args = argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_args(self)
        args.bw = self.bw_lookup.get(args.bw, None)
        args.coding_rate = self.cr_lookup.get(args.coding_rate, None)
        # some sanity checks
        assert(args.bw is not None)
        assert(args.coding_rate is not None)
        assert(args.sf >=6 and args.sf <= 12)
        # set the LoRa object
        lora.set_freq(args.freq)
        lora.set_preamble(args.preamble)
        lora.set_spreading_factor(args.sf)
        lora.set_bw(args.bw)
        lora.set_coding_rate(args.coding_rate)
        lora.set_ocp_trim(args.ocp)
        return args
--- a/pySX127x/SX127x/init.py
+++ b/pySX127x/SX127x/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
 __all__ = ['SX127x']
--- a/pySX127x/SX127x/board_config.py
+++ b/pySX127x/SX127x/board_config.py
@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
 """ Defines the BOARD class that contains the board pin mappings and RF module HF/LF info. """
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015-2018 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
 import spidev
 import time
 class BOARD:
    """ Board initialisation/teardown and pin configuration is kept here.
        Also, information about the RF module is kept here.
        This is the Raspberry Pi board with one LED and a modtronix inAir9B.
    """
    # Note that the BCOM numbering for the GPIOs is used.
    DIO0 = 22   # RaspPi GPIO 22
    DIO1 = 23   # RaspPi GPIO 23
    DIO2 = 24   # RaspPi GPIO 24
    DIO3 = 25   # RaspPi GPIO 25
    LED  = 18   # RaspPi GPIO 18 connects to the LED on the proto shield
    SWITCH = 4  # RaspPi GPIO 4 connects to a switch
    # The spi object is kept here
    spi = None
    # tell pySX127x here whether the attached RF module uses low-band (RF*_LF pins) or high-band (RF*_HF pins).
    # low band (called band 1&2) are 137-175 and 410-525
    # high band (called band 3) is 862-1020
    low_band = True
    @staticmethod
    def setup():
        """ Configure the Raspberry GPIOs
        :rtype : None
        """
        GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
        # LED
        GPIO.setup(BOARD.LED, GPIO.OUT)
        GPIO.output(BOARD.LED, 0)
        # switch
        GPIO.setup(BOARD.SWITCH, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN) 
        # DIOx
        for gpio_pin in [BOARD.DIO0, BOARD.DIO1, BOARD.DIO2, BOARD.DIO3]:
            GPIO.setup(gpio_pin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN)
        # blink 2 times to signal the board is set up
        BOARD.blink(.1, 2)
    @staticmethod
    def teardown():
        """ Cleanup GPIO and SpiDev """
        GPIO.cleanup()
        BOARD.spi.close()
    @staticmethod
    def SpiDev(spi_bus=0, spi_cs=0):
        """ Init and return the SpiDev object
        :return: SpiDev object
        :param spi_bus: The RPi SPI bus to use: 0 or 1
        :param spi_cs: The RPi SPI chip select to use: 0 or 1
        :rtype: SpiDev
        """
        BOARD.spi = spidev.SpiDev()
        BOARD.spi.open(spi_bus, spi_cs)
        BOARD.spi.max_speed_hz = 5000000    # SX127x can go up to 10MHz, pick half that to be safe
        return BOARD.spi
    @staticmethod
    def add_event_detect(dio_number, callback):
        """ Wraps around the GPIO.add_event_detect function
        :param dio_number: DIO pin 0...5
        :param callback: The function to call when the DIO triggers an IRQ.
        :return: None
        """
        GPIO.add_event_detect(dio_number, GPIO.RISING, callback=callback)
    @staticmethod
    def add_events(cb_dio0, cb_dio1, cb_dio2, cb_dio3, cb_dio4, cb_dio5, switch_cb=None):
        BOARD.add_event_detect(BOARD.DIO0, callback=cb_dio0)
        BOARD.add_event_detect(BOARD.DIO1, callback=cb_dio1)
        BOARD.add_event_detect(BOARD.DIO2, callback=cb_dio2)
        BOARD.add_event_detect(BOARD.DIO3, callback=cb_dio3)
        # the modtronix inAir9B does not expose DIO4 and DIO5
        if switch_cb is not None:
            GPIO.add_event_detect(BOARD.SWITCH, GPIO.RISING, callback=switch_cb, bouncetime=300)
    @staticmethod
    def led_on(value=1):
        """ Switch the proto shields LED
        :param value: 0/1 for off/on. Default is 1.
        :return: value
        :rtype : int
        """
        GPIO.output(BOARD.LED, value)
        return value
    @staticmethod
    def led_off():
        """ Switch LED off
        :return: 0
        """
        GPIO.output(BOARD.LED, 0)
        return 0
    @staticmethod
    def blink(time_sec, n_blink):
        if n_blink == 0:
            return
        BOARD.led_on()
        for i in range(n_blink):
            time.sleep(time_sec)
            BOARD.led_off()
            time.sleep(time_sec)
            BOARD.led_on()
        BOARD.led_off()
--- a/pySX127x/SX127x/constants.py
+++ b/pySX127x/SX127x/constants.py
@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
 """ Defines constants (modes, bandwidths, registers, etc.) needed by SX127x. """
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015-2018 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 def add_lookup(cls):
    """ A decorator that adds a lookup dictionary to the class.
        The lookup dictionary maps the codes back to the names. This is used for pretty-printing. """
    varnames = filter(str.isupper, cls.__dict__.keys())
    lookup = dict(map(lambda varname: (cls.__dict__.get(varname, None), varname), varnames))
    setattr(cls, 'lookup', lookup)
    return cls
@add_lookup
 class MODE:
    SLEEP    = 0x80
    STDBY    = 0x81
    FSTX     = 0x82
    TX       = 0x83
    FSRX     = 0x84
    RXCONT   = 0x85
    RXSINGLE = 0x86
    CAD      = 0x87
    FSK_STDBY= 0x01     # needed for calibration
@add_lookup
 class BW:
    BW7_8   = 0
    BW10_4  = 1
    BW15_6  = 2
    BW20_8  = 3
    BW31_25 = 4
    BW41_7  = 5
    BW62_5  = 6
    BW125   = 7
    BW250   = 8
    BW500   = 9
@add_lookup
 class CODING_RATE:
    CR4_5 = 1
    CR4_6 = 2
    CR4_7 = 3
    CR4_8 = 4
@add_lookup
 class GAIN:
    NOT_USED = 0b000
    G1       = 0b001
    G2       = 0b010
    G3       = 0b011
    G4       = 0b100
    G5       = 0b101
    G6       = 0b110
@add_lookup
 class PA_SELECT:
    RFO      = 0
    PA_BOOST = 1
@add_lookup
 class PA_RAMP:
    RAMP_3_4_ms = 0
    RAMP_2_ms   = 1
    RAMP_1_ms   = 2
    RAMP_500_us = 3
    RAMP_250_us = 4
    RAMP_125_us = 5
    RAMP_100_us = 6
    RAMP_62_us  = 7
    RAMP_50_us  = 8
    RAMP_40_us  = 9
    RAMP_31_us  = 10
    RAMP_25_us  = 11
    RAMP_20_us  = 12
    RAMP_15_us  = 13
    RAMP_12_us  = 14
    RAMP_10_us  = 15
 class MASK:
    class IRQ_FLAGS:
        RxTimeout           = 7
        RxDone              = 6
        PayloadCrcError     = 5
        ValidHeader         = 4
        TxDone              = 3
        CadDone             = 2
        FhssChangeChannel   = 1
        CadDetected         = 0
 class REG:
    @add_lookup
    class LORA:
        FIFO               = 0x00
        OP_MODE            = 0x01
        FR_MSB             = 0x06
        FR_MID             = 0x07
        FR_LSB             = 0x08
        PA_CONFIG          = 0x09
        PA_RAMP            = 0x0A
        OCP                = 0x0B
        LNA                = 0x0C
        FIFO_ADDR_PTR      = 0x0D
        FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR  = 0x0E
        FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR  = 0x0F
        FIFO_RX_CURR_ADDR  = 0x10
        IRQ_FLAGS_MASK     = 0x11
        IRQ_FLAGS          = 0x12
        RX_NB_BYTES        = 0x13
        RX_HEADER_CNT_MSB  = 0x14
        RX_PACKET_CNT_MSB  = 0x16
        MODEM_STAT         = 0x18
        PKT_SNR_VALUE      = 0x19
        PKT_RSSI_VALUE     = 0x1A
        RSSI_VALUE         = 0x1B
        HOP_CHANNEL        = 0x1C
        MODEM_CONFIG_1     = 0x1D
        MODEM_CONFIG_2     = 0x1E
        SYMB_TIMEOUT_LSB   = 0x1F
        PREAMBLE_MSB       = 0x20
        PAYLOAD_LENGTH     = 0x22
        MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH = 0x23
        HOP_PERIOD         = 0x24
        FIFO_RX_BYTE_ADDR  = 0x25
        MODEM_CONFIG_3     = 0x26
        PPM_CORRECTION     = 0x27
        FEI_MSB            = 0x28
        DETECT_OPTIMIZE    = 0X31
        INVERT_IQ          = 0x33
        DETECTION_THRESH   = 0X37
        SYNC_WORD          = 0X39
        DIO_MAPPING_1      = 0x40
        DIO_MAPPING_2      = 0x41
        VERSION            = 0x42
        TCXO               = 0x4B
        PA_DAC             = 0x4D
        AGC_REF            = 0x61
        AGC_THRESH_1       = 0x62
        AGC_THRESH_2       = 0x63
        AGC_THRESH_3       = 0x64
        PLL                = 0x70
    @add_lookup
    class FSK:
        LNA                = 0x0C
        RX_CONFIG          = 0x0D
        RSSI_CONFIG        = 0x0E
        PREAMBLE_DETECT    = 0x1F
        OSC                = 0x24
        SYNC_CONFIG        = 0x27
        SYNC_VALUE_1       = 0x28
        SYNC_VALUE_2       = 0x29
        SYNC_VALUE_3       = 0x2A
        SYNC_VALUE_4       = 0x2B
        SYNC_VALUE_5       = 0x2C
        SYNC_VALUE_6       = 0x2D
        SYNC_VALUE_7       = 0x2E
        SYNC_VALUE_8       = 0x2F
        PACKET_CONFIG_1    = 0x30
        FIFO_THRESH        = 0x35
        IMAGE_CAL          = 0x3B
        DIO_MAPPING_1      = 0x40
        DIO_MAPPING_2      = 0x41
--- a/pySX127x/VERSION
+++ b/pySX127x/VERSION
@ -0,0 +1 @@
 0.1
--- a/pySX127x/lora_util.py
+++ b/pySX127x/lora_util.py
@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python2.7
 """ This is a utility script for the SX127x (LoRa mode). It dumps all registers. """
 # Copyright 2015 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 import argparse
 BOARD.setup()
 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='LoRa utility functions')
 parser.add_argument('--dump', '-d', dest='dump', default=False, action="store_true", help="dump all registers")
 args = parser.parse_args()
 lora = LoRa(verbose=False)
 if args.dump:
    print("LoRa register dump:\n")
    print("%02s %18s %2s %8s" % ('i', 'reg_name', 'v', 'v'))
    print("-- ------------------ -- --------")
    for reg_i, reg_name, val in lora.dump_registers():
        print("%02X %18s %02X %s" % (reg_i, reg_name, val, format(val, '#010b')[2:]))
    print("")
 else:
    print(lora)
 BOARD.teardown()
--- a/pySX127x/rx_cont.py
+++ b/pySX127x/rx_cont.py
@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 """ A simple continuous receiver class. """
 # Copyright 2015 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 from time import sleep
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.LoRaArgumentParser import LoRaArgumentParser
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 BOARD.setup()
 parser = LoRaArgumentParser("Continous LoRa receiver.")
 class LoRaRcvCont(LoRa):
    def __init__(self, verbose=False):
        super(LoRaRcvCont, self).__init__(verbose)
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.set_dio_mapping([0] * 6)
    def on_rx_done(self):
        BOARD.led_on()
        print("\nRxDone")
        self.clear_irq_flags(RxDone=1)
        payload = self.read_payload(nocheck=True)
        print(bytes(payload).decode())
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.reset_ptr_rx()
        BOARD.led_off()
        self.set_mode(MODE.RXCONT)
    def on_tx_done(self):
        print("\nTxDone")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_cad_done(self):
        print("\non_CadDone")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_rx_timeout(self):
        print("\non_RxTimeout")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_valid_header(self):
        print("\non_ValidHeader")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_payload_crc_error(self):
        print("\non_PayloadCrcError")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_fhss_change_channel(self):
        print("\non_FhssChangeChannel")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def start(self):
        self.reset_ptr_rx()
        self.set_mode(MODE.RXCONT)
        while True:
            sleep(.5)
            rssi_value = self.get_rssi_value()
            status = self.get_modem_status()
            sys.stdout.flush()
            sys.stdout.write("\r%d %d %d" % (rssi_value, status['rx_ongoing'], status['modem_clear']))
 lora = LoRaRcvCont(verbose=False)
 args = parser.parse_args(lora)
 lora.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
 lora.set_pa_config(pa_select=1)
 #lora.set_rx_crc(True)
 #lora.set_coding_rate(CODING_RATE.CR4_6)
 #lora.set_pa_config(max_power=0, output_power=0)
 #lora.set_lna_gain(GAIN.G1)
 #lora.set_implicit_header_mode(False)
 #lora.set_low_data_rate_optim(True)
 #lora.set_pa_ramp(PA_RAMP.RAMP_50_us)
 #lora.set_agc_auto_on(True)
 print(lora)
 assert(lora.get_agc_auto_on() == 1)
 try: input("Press enter to start...")
 except: pass
 try:
    lora.start()
 except KeyboardInterrupt:
    sys.stdout.flush()
    print("")
    sys.stderr.write("KeyboardInterrupt\n")
 finally:
    sys.stdout.flush()
    print("")
    lora.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
    print(lora)
    BOARD.teardown()
--- a/pySX127x/socket_client.py
+++ b/pySX127x/socket_client.py
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # used for testing socket_transceiver.py
 # connects to socket and allows user to send ascii payload
 import socket
 def sock_client():
        host = '127.0.0.1'
        port = 20000
        sock = socket.socket()
        sock.connect((host,port))
        message = input('>> ')
        while message != 'quit':
                sock.send(bytearray(message,'utf-8'))
                data = bytearray(sock.recv(1024)).decode('ascii')
                print ('From LoRa: ' + data)                 
                message = input('>> ')
        sock.close()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    sock_client()
--- a/pySX127x/socket_transceiver.py
+++ b/pySX127x/socket_transceiver.py
@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 """ An asynchronous socket <-> LoRa interface """
 # MIT License
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2016 bjcarne
 #
 # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 # of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 # in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 # to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 # copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 # furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 #
 # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 #
 # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 # IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 # AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 # LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 # SOFTWARE.
 import sys, asyncore
 from time import time
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 BOARD.setup()
 class Server(asyncore.dispatcher):
    def __init__(self, host, port):
        asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self)
        self.create_socket()
        self.set_reuse_addr()
        self.bind((host, port))
        self.listen(1) 
    def handle_accepted(self, sock, addr):
        print("Connection from %s:%s" % sock.getpeername())
        self.conn = Handler(sock)
 class Handler(asyncore.dispatcher):
    def __init__(self, sock):
        asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self, sock)
        self.databuffer = b""
        self.tx_wait = 0
    # when data is available on socket send to LoRa
    def handle_read(self):
        if not self.tx_wait:
            data = self.recv(127)
            print('Send:' + str(data))
            lora.write_payload(list(data))
            lora.set_dio_mapping([1,0,0,0,0,0]) # set DIO0 for txdone
            lora.set_mode(MODE.TX)
            self.tx_wait = 1 
    # when data for the socket, send
    def handle_write(self):
        if self.databuffer:
            self.send(self.databuffer)
            self.databuffer = b""
    def handle_close(self):
        print("Client disconnected")
        self.close()
 class LoRaSocket(LoRa):
    def __init__(self, verbose=False):
        super(LoRaSocket, self).__init__(verbose)
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.set_pa_config(pa_select=1)
        self.set_max_payload_length(128) # set max payload to max fifo buffer length
        self.payload = []
        self.set_dio_mapping([0] * 6) #initialise DIO0 for rxdone  
    # when LoRa receives data send to socket conn
    def on_rx_done(self):        
        payload = self.read_payload(nocheck=True)
        if len(payload) == 127:
            self.payload[len(self.payload):] = payload
        else:
            self.payload[len(self.payload):] = payload
            print('Recv:' + str(bytes(self.payload)))
            server.conn.databuffer = bytes(self.payload) #send to socket conn
            self.payload = []
        self.clear_irq_flags(RxDone=1) # clear rxdone IRQ flag
        self.reset_ptr_rx()
        self.set_mode(MODE.RXCONT)
    # after data sent by LoRa reset to receive mode
    def on_tx_done(self):
        self.clear_irq_flags(TxDone=1) # clear txdone IRQ flag
        self.set_dio_mapping([0] * 6)    
        self.set_mode(MODE.RXCONT)
        server.conn.tx_wait = 0
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    server = Server('localhost', 20000)
    lora = LoRaSocket(verbose=False)
    print(lora)
    try:
        asyncore.loop()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        sys.stderr.write("\nKeyboardInterrupt\n")
    finally:
        lora.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        print("Closing socket connection")
        server.close()
        BOARD.teardown()
--- a/pySX127x/test_lora.py
+++ b/pySX127x/test_lora.py
@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python2.7
 """ This script runs a small number of unit tests. """
 # Copyright 2015 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 import unittest
 def get_reg(reg_addr):
    return lora.get_register(reg_addr)
 def SaveState(reg_addr, n_registers=1):
    """ This decorator wraps a get/set_register around the function (unittest) call.
    :param reg_addr: Start of register addresses
    :param n_registers: Number of registers to save. (Useful for MSB/LSB register pairs, etc.)
    :return:
    """
    def decorator(func):
        def wrapper(self):
            reg_bkup = lora.get_register(reg_addr)
            func(self)
            lora.set_register(reg_addr, reg_bkup)
        return wrapper
    return decorator
 class TestSX127x(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_setter_getter(self):
        bkup = lora.get_payload_length()
        for l in [1,50, 128, bkup]:
            lora.set_payload_length(l)
            self.assertEqual(lora.get_payload_length(), l)
    @SaveState(REG.LORA.OP_MODE)
    def test_mode(self):
        mode = lora.get_mode()
        for m in [MODE.STDBY, MODE.SLEEP, mode]:
            lora.set_mode(m)
            self.assertEqual(lora.get_mode(), m)
    @SaveState(REG.LORA.FR_MSB, n_registers=3)
    def test_set_freq(self):
        freq = lora.get_freq()
        for f in [433.5, 434.5, 434.0, freq]:
            lora.set_freq(f)
            self.assertEqual(lora.get_freq(), f)
    @SaveState(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3)
    def test_set_agc_on(self):
        lora.set_agc_auto_on(True)
        self.assertEqual((get_reg(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3) & 0b100) >> 2, 1)
        lora.set_agc_auto_on(False)
        self.assertEqual((get_reg(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3) & 0b100) >> 2, 0)
    @SaveState(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3)
    def test_set_low_data_rate_optim(self):
        lora.set_low_data_rate_optim(True)
        self.assertEqual((get_reg(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3) & 0b1000) >> 3, 1)
        lora.set_low_data_rate_optim(False)
        self.assertEqual((get_reg(REG.LORA.MODEM_CONFIG_3) & 0b1000) >> 3, 0)
    @SaveState(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1, 2)
    def test_set_dio_mapping(self):
        dio_mapping = [1] * 6
        lora.set_dio_mapping(dio_mapping)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1), 0b01010101)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2), 0b01010000)
        self.assertEqual(lora.get_dio_mapping(), dio_mapping)
        dio_mapping = [2] * 6
        lora.set_dio_mapping(dio_mapping)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1), 0b10101010)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2), 0b10100000)
        self.assertEqual(lora.get_dio_mapping(), dio_mapping)
        dio_mapping = [0] * 6
        lora.set_dio_mapping(dio_mapping)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1), 0b00000000)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2), 0b00000000)
        self.assertEqual(lora.get_dio_mapping(), dio_mapping)
        dio_mapping = [0,1,2,0,1,2]
        lora.set_dio_mapping(dio_mapping)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1), 0b00011000)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2), 0b01100000)
        self.assertEqual(lora.get_dio_mapping(), dio_mapping)
        dio_mapping = [1,2,0,1,2,0]
        lora.set_dio_mapping(dio_mapping)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_1), 0b01100001)
        self.assertEqual(get_reg(REG.LORA.DIO_MAPPING_2), 0b10000000)
        self.assertEqual(lora.get_dio_mapping(), dio_mapping)
 #    def test_set_lna_gain(self):
 #        bkup_lna_gain = lora.get_lna()['lna_gain']
 #        for target_gain in [GAIN.NOT_USED, GAIN.G1, GAIN.G2, GAIN.G6, GAIN.NOT_USED, bkup_lna_gain]:
 #            print(target_gain)
 #            lora.set_lna_gain(target_gain)
 #            actual_gain = lora.get_lna()['lna_gain']
 #            self.assertEqual(GAIN.lookup[actual_gain], GAIN.lookup[target_gain])
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    BOARD.setup()
    lora = LoRa(verbose=False)
    unittest.main()
    BOARD.teardown()
--- a/pySX127x/tx_beacon.py
+++ b/pySX127x/tx_beacon.py
@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 """ A simple beacon transmitter class to send a 1-byte message (0x0f) in regular time intervals. """
 # Copyright 2015 Mayer Analytics Ltd.
 #
 # This file is part of pySX127x.
 #
 # pySX127x is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 # version.
 #
 # pySX127x is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 # warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more
 # details.
 #
 # You can be released from the requirements of the license by obtaining a commercial license. Such a license is
 # mandatory as soon as you develop commercial activities involving pySX127x without disclosing the source code of your
 # own applications, or shipping pySX127x with a closed source product.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with pySX127.  If not, see
 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 import sys
 from time import sleep
 from SX127x.LoRa import *
 from SX127x.LoRaArgumentParser import LoRaArgumentParser
 from SX127x.board_config import BOARD
 BOARD.setup()
 parser = LoRaArgumentParser("A simple LoRa beacon")
 parser.add_argument('--single', '-S', dest='single', default=False, action="store_true", help="Single transmission")
 parser.add_argument('--wait', '-w', dest='wait', default=1, action="store", type=float, help="Waiting time between transmissions (default is 0s)")
 class LoRaBeacon(LoRa):
    tx_counter = 0
    def __init__(self, verbose=False):
        super(LoRaBeacon, self).__init__(verbose)
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.set_dio_mapping([1,0,0,0,0,0])
    def on_rx_done(self):
        print("\nRxDone")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
        print(map(hex, self.read_payload(nocheck=True)))
        self.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
        self.reset_ptr_rx()
        self.set_mode(MODE.RXCONT)
    def on_tx_done(self):
        global args
        self.set_mode(MODE.STDBY)
        self.clear_irq_flags(TxDone=1)
        sys.stdout.flush()
        self.tx_counter += 1
        sys.stdout.write("\rtx #%d" % self.tx_counter)
        if args.single:
            print
            sys.exit(0)
        BOARD.led_off()
        sleep(args.wait)
        self.write_payload([0x0f])
        BOARD.led_on()
        self.set_mode(MODE.TX)
    def on_cad_done(self):
        print("\non_CadDone")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_rx_timeout(self):
        print("\non_RxTimeout")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_valid_header(self):
        print("\non_ValidHeader")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_payload_crc_error(self):
        print("\non_PayloadCrcError")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def on_fhss_change_channel(self):
        print("\non_FhssChangeChannel")
        print(self.get_irq_flags())
    def start(self):
        global args
        sys.stdout.write("\rstart")
        self.tx_counter = 0
        BOARD.led_on()
        self.write_payload([0x0f])
        self.set_mode(MODE.TX)
        while True:
            sleep(1)
 lora = LoRaBeacon(verbose=False)
 args = parser.parse_args(lora)
 lora.set_pa_config(pa_select=1)
 #lora.set_rx_crc(True)
 #lora.set_agc_auto_on(True)
 #lora.set_lna_gain(GAIN.NOT_USED)
 #lora.set_coding_rate(CODING_RATE.CR4_6)
 #lora.set_implicit_header_mode(False)
 #lora.set_pa_config(max_power=0x04, output_power=0x0F)
 #lora.set_pa_config(max_power=0x04, output_power=0b01000000)
 #lora.set_low_data_rate_optim(True)
 #lora.set_pa_ramp(PA_RAMP.RAMP_50_us)
 print(lora)
 #assert(lora.get_lna()['lna_gain'] == GAIN.NOT_USED)
 assert(lora.get_agc_auto_on() == 1)
 print("Beacon config:")
 print("  Wait %f s" % args.wait)
 print("  Single tx = %s" % args.single)
 print("")
 try: input("Press enter to start...")
 except: pass
 try:
    lora.start()
 except KeyboardInterrupt:
    sys.stdout.flush()
    print("")
    sys.stderr.write("KeyboardInterrupt\n")
 finally:
    sys.stdout.flush()
    print("")
    lora.set_mode(MODE.SLEEP)
    print(lora)
    BOARD.teardown()